ASN Aircraft accident Harbin Y12E HK-5036 Santafé del Caguán
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Status:Accident investigation report completed and information captured
Date:Sunday 26 August 2018
Time:15:23
Type:Silhouette image of generic Y12 model; specific model in this crash may look slightly different
Harbin Y12E
Operator:SATENA
Registration: HK-5036
MSN: 017
First flight: 2013
Total airframe hrs:3643
Engines: 2 Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-135A
Crew:Fatalities: 0 / Occupants: 3
Passengers:Fatalities: 0 / Occupants: 17
Total:Fatalities: 0 / Occupants: 20
Aircraft damage: Substantial
Aircraft fate: Written off (damaged beyond repair)
Location:Santafé del Caguán (   Colombia)
Phase: En route (ENR)
Nature:Domestic Scheduled Passenger
Departure airport:Araracuara Airport (ACR/SKAC), Colombia
Destination airport:Florencia Airport (FLA/SKFL), Colombia
Narrative:
During a regular flight between Araracuara (SKAC) and Florencia (SKFL), the crew of the Y-12E aircraft encountered cumulonimbus clouds. The crew decided to cross the formation, assuming they would only experience light turbulence; however, the effect of the turbulence caused the aircraft to descend 5500 ft uncontrolled, in a few seconds, to an altitude of 5000 ft.
The crew regained control, and landed without further problems at 16:09.
As a result of the event, one passenger suffered minor injuries. Due to the cumulonimbus crossing the aircraft suffered severe structural damage.

Probable Cause:

The investigation determined that the probable cause of the accident was loss of situational awareness (SAW) and decision-making ability (ADM) on the part of the Commander, who failed to prevent the flight from crossing through a severe weather condition (cumulonimbus), despite having warned of this hazard and having been detected and clearly identified on the weather radar.
As contributing factors were found:
- A reckless attitude of the crew in underestimating a clearly detected and recognized weather hazard and in boasting of their ability to fly through those
conditions
- Poor management of resources in the cockpit, by not using the right tools such as leadership, assertive communication and proper decision making based on risk assessment.
- And, finally, complacency on the part of the First Officer as a Pilot Flying, who executed the Commander's orders without considering the risk or consequences of entering into known bad weather conditions.

Accident investigation:

Investigating agency: Aerocivil Colombia
Status: Investigation completed
Duration: 1 year and 5 months
Accident number: COL-18-35-GIA
Download report: Final report

Classification:
Thunderstorm
Loss of control

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Map
This map shows the airport of departure and the intended destination of the flight. The line between the airports does not display the exact flight path.
Distance from Araracuara Airport to Florencia Airport as the crow flies is 424 km (265 miles).
Accident location: Exact; as reported in the official accident report.

This information is not presented as the Flight Safety Foundation or the Aviation Safety Network’s opinion as to the cause of the accident. It is preliminary and is based on the facts as they are known at this time.
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