ASN Aircraft accident de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter PI-C55 Ozamiz City
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Status:Accident investigation report completed and information captured
Date:Wednesday 11 December 1957
Time:13:12
Type:Silhouette image of generic DHC3 model; specific model in this crash may look slightly different
de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter
Operator:Philippine Air Lines
Registration: PI-C55
MSN: 168
First flight: 1956
Crew:Fatalities: 1 / Occupants: 1
Passengers:Fatalities: 1 / Occupants: 11
Total:Fatalities: 2 / Occupants: 12
Aircraft damage: Damaged beyond repair
Location:Ozamiz City (   Philippines)
Phase: Initial climb (ICL)
Nature:Domestic Scheduled Passenger
Departure airport:Ozamiz City-Labo Airport (OZC/RPMO), Philippines
Destination airport:Pagadian Airport (PAG/RPMP), Philippines
Narrative:
Climbing through 75 feet after takeoff, the Otter suddenly turned left and descended. The airplane hit two trees and caught fire.

The flight manifest showed that the aircraft was carrying a total load of 804 kilogrammes. However, the correct weights of the
actual load including passengers' weight on board the aircraft and did not include the pieces of baggage which the passengers
carried by hand. The aircraft's gross weight at takeoff was within the maximum allowable payload. Since most passengers were seated at the rear, the aircraft's centre of gravity limit was considerably exceeded. With this condition the pilot may have experienced extreme difficulty in maintaining the longitudinal stability of the aircraft after becoming airborne. This was further aggravated by the cross wind, gusty air and the high ambient temperature.

Probable Cause:

PROBABLE CAUSE: "The uncontrollable stall at low altitude which resulted from the abrupt steep climb immediately after takeoff. Contributing factors were: 1) The improper loading of the aircraft; and 2) The prevailing gusty wind with a relatively high ambient temperature"

Classification:
Centre of Gravity outside limits
Loss of control

Sources:
» ICAO Circular 56-AN/51 (253-254)
» Saskatoon Star-Phoenix 12 December 1957, p37


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Map
This map shows the airport of departure and the intended destination of the flight. The line between the airports does not display the exact flight path.
Distance from Ozamiz City-Labo Airport to Pagadian Airport as the crow flies is 57 km (36 miles).

This information is not presented as the Flight Safety Foundation or the Aviation Safety Network’s opinion as to the cause of the accident. It is preliminary and is based on the facts as they are known at this time.
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